What do you understand by the term Evaluation, Purposes, Needs of evaluation & types of evaluation and their uses?
What do you understand by the term Evaluation, Purposes, Needs of evaluation & types of Evaluation and their uses?
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What do you understand by the term Evaluation?Introduction of Evaluation:-
Evaluation is an integral part of teaching learning
process. Evaluation is a systematic process. Used to helps
in understanding what is working well and what can be
improved. It is the process of judging the value, quality,
effectiveness, or success of a performance. It involves
collecting and analysing information, to make informed
decisions, improve outcomes, and ensure goals are being met.
It exercises a great influence on the student study habits
and teachers method of teaching. Thus, it helps not only two
measure educational objectives, but improves it also. Definitions of Evaluation:-
1.) “Evaluation is the process of examining something
carefully to judge its value, quality, or
effectiveness.”
2.) “Evaluation is the process of gathering and defining
evidences on change in the behaviour of the students as
they progress through school.” Purposes and Functions of Evaluation:-
1.) Test the efficiency of teachers.
2.) Motivate students to hours better growth and
attainment.
3.) To locate areas where remedial measures are
needed.
4.) To Predict the students, future academic
success.
5.) To predict the educational practices.
6.) Evaluate how well a individual is performing.
7.) Determine how well students understand and retain
the material.
8.) Detect learning, difficulties, and new talents of
the students.
9.) Provides continuous feedback to improve both
teaching and learning while the instruction is
ongoing.
10.) Encourage students to learn by showing their
progress and achievements. Need and Importance of Evaluation:-
1.) Early evaluation can detect students who need
extra help or special attention.
2.) Evaluation helps to determine if students have
understood the theories and methods of teachers.
3.) It provides feedback to teacher “ what is working
well” and “ what needs improvement” in their teaching
strategies.
4.) Based on evaluation results, teachers can plan
lesson easily for the students.
5.) Evaluation supports decisions like student,
promotion, curriculum, changes, or introducing new
teaching tools.
6.) Regular evaluation, encourage students to study
and stay engaged by showing them their progress. Types of Evaluation:-
There are mainly three types of evaluation as
follows :-
1) Diagnostic Evaluation
2) Formative Evaluation
3) Summative Evaluation
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1.) Diagnostic Evaluation:-
It is very helpful to the teacher to plan his teaching learning process
as per the needs, interest and abilities of the students. Such
evaluation at pre stage. Teaching is very helpful in providing
information regarding the knowledge of students about a certain topic,
contents, or subjects of learning, which is to be taught to them. Both,
informal ( like observations, discussion) and formal (like cautioning,
pre testing, strategies) can be used for such evaluation. Diagnostic
tests is not limited to the pre- stage, it can be used throughout the
teaching learning process for diagnosing the students
understanding.
2.) Formative Evaluation:-
It is also known as formative assessment or assessment for learning.
Formative evaluation refers to ongoing evaluation conducted during the
teaching learning process to students progress and provide feedback.
The primary goal of formative evaluation is to guide, learning and
improve instruction, not to assign grades. The formative evaluation is
carried out both formal like question, answer, test, quizzes, etc and
informal like observation, conversation, conversation, etc ways.
Characteristics of Formative Evaluation:-
1) It offers immediate feedback to both teachers and students to
improve learning and instructions.
2) It can be done through quizzes, observations, class,
discussions, or assignments, not just formal tests.
3) Guides teachers in adjusting their teaching strategies based on
student performance.
4) Focuses on individual progress and needs, allowing personalised
support.
3.) Summative Evaluation:-
It is used to evaluate student, learning, skill, academic
achievements at the end of a lesson, chapter, unit or School year.
Both formal as well as informal techniques may be used for
conducting such evaluation.
Characteristics of Summative Evaluation:-
1.) Thpically involves standardised tests, exams, final
projects, assignments with the specific criteria.
2.) Summarises overall student performance and provides a final
judgement of learning.
3.) The results are usually recorded and used for assigning
grades or making academic decisions.
4.) Feedback is often immediate and is usually not aimed to
improving learning ongoing.
Tools and techniques of Evaluation:-
To know about the pupils growth, one or more than one
evaluation tool may be used. These can be in the form of :
a) Oral Tests
b) Practical Tests
c) Written Tests
d) Examinations consist of objective type, short answer type,
as a type, etc.
e) Tools and techniques like discussion, observation, case,
study, interview, project work, etc.
